Class 7 Subject - S.St.
Chapter - 11 The Rise of Small Kingdoms in South India
A. Tick the correct option :
- Who was the founder of Chola dynasty?
Ans. Vijayalaya
- The famous temple built by Rajaraja-I at Tanjore was --
Ans. Rajrajeshwara temple
- Which kingdom gave a final blow to the Pandyas ?
Ans. Vijayanagar
- The term Mandalam stands for
Ans. A province
- what was the main source of income of the Chola rulers?
Ans. land tax
B. Fill in the blanks :
1. During 750 CE, South India saw the rule of Chola Pandya and Cheras.
2. Indian historians believe that chalukyas were Kshatriyas.
3. Vijayalaya defeated Pallavas.
4. Rajendra Chola succeeded Rajaraja.
5. Kanchipuram was the main centre of education during 700 CE to 1200 CE
in South India.
D. Answer the following questions in brief:
Q .1. Name the powerful Kingdom that emerged in South India in the 8th
Century.
Ans. The Chola Kingdom
Q.2. Name three kingdoms that were mentioned in Ashoka edicts.
Ans. The Chola Kingdom , The Pandya Kingdom and The Chera Kingdom.
Q.3. Which languages flourished during Chola and Pandyas period?
Ans. Sanskrit and Tamil
Q.4. .Name the main areas that form the part of the Pandya Kingdom.
Ans. Madurai ,Tirunelveli and part of Travancore .
Q.5. Where were the Rock Cut temples built?
Ans. Mahabalipuram , Kanchipuram, Badami, Pattadakal, Ajanta Elora and
Elephanta.
E. Answer the following questions:
Q.1. Mention the main achievements of Rajaraja, the Great.
Ans. Rajaraja the great, ruled from 1012 to 44 CE.and it was under him
that the Cholas had risen to supreme power in South India.
(1) He was defeated the Cheras and Pandyas and captured the regions
of Kerala and Madurai.
(2) He built the famous Rajrajeshwara Temple at Tanjore.
(3) He spread the message of Vedas among the common people.
(4) He took the title of Gangaikondai ( Victor of Ganga ).
Q.2. Describe the socio-economic condition of the people in the southern
States .
Ans. The society of South India was also caste- like that of North India .
Brahmins and Kshatriyas dominated the lower caste.The peasants tilled
the land which belonged to the rulers or the temples.
Taxes on land and trade were the main source of revenue.
Apart of the revenue was set aside for the royal household and rest was
used for building roads temples thanks salary of officials and on
maintenance of the armed forces. The economic condition
of the people was good. Agriculture, trade, weaving were the main
occupations of the people. The irrigation facilities were well- developed
which increased the agricultural yield.
Q.3. What were the religious beliefs of the people in the southern states
during the medieval period?
Ans. Religion played an important part of the life of people in South India.
Hinduism was the most popular religion. Vedic Sacrifice were
quite common. Kanchipuram, the capital of Pallavas, was an
important centre of studies of Sanskrit and regional languages
like Tamil.It was also a pilgrimage for Hindu devotees.The bhakti saints
the teachings of the effects of Ramayana Mahabharata which
were translated into many South Indian languages.
Q.4. Describe the development of art and architecture under the southern
rulers .
Ans. The rulers of the southern kingdoms were not only a great warrior
but also great patrons of art and architecture. They built a number
of important temples. The large Rock - Cut temples at Mahabalipuram
and the Kailashnath was built in the eighth century. The Shiva temple
of Tanjore and the bronze statue of Nataraj were fine examples of
Chola art.
Q.5. List the differences between the kingdom of North and South on the
basis of following aspects
- Administration
- Society
- Economy
- Religion
- Education
- Art and Architecture
Ans. The differences between Kingdom of North and South India ---
a. Administration -- The king spend huge amounts of money on
building up strong armies. He was assisted by different officials,But in
South India, his office was hereditary .The king ran the administration
with the help of ministers.
b. Society -- The king, the feudal lords and the brahmins in high
positions,enjoyed a life of luxury. Land was cultivated mainly by
shudras. But in south India the brahmins and kshatriyas dominated
the lower castes.The peasants tilled the land which belonged to
the rulers or the temples.
c. Economy -- The people living in villages were poor.The kings
granted land as rewards to officers who came to be known as
Thakurs or Rais.But in south India the economy condition of people
was good.Land was fixed at one-third of the produce by the Chola
Rulers.
d. Religion -- During this period, the Bhakti saints preached devotion
to God and opposed social discriminations,superstitions and
narrow-mindedness.Monasteries at Nalanda was the main centre
of studies. But in south India the Bhakti saints preached the
teachings of the epics of Ramayana and Mahabharata.
Kanchipuram was the important centre of studies
of Sanskrit and regional languages.
e. Education -- The elementary education was limited to temples
and monasteries. The study of philosophy and religion was
encouraged.But in south India the temples were not only the places
of worship but also important centres of culture, administration and
education. Each temple had matha,which provided free education,
Boarding and lodging to the students.
f. Art and Architecture -- The examples of the paintings of North India can
be found in the form of murals in palaces, caves and
be found in the form of murals in palaces, caves and
temples.But in south India the large rock-cut temples and the
bronze statues of Natraja are fine examples of Chola art.
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